![]() (the ‘‘ autistic spectrum ’’), has given rise to interest in the With an awareness of the varied manifestations of autism Of the area, concluded that autism appears, at present, toīe the most strongly genetic of all multifactorial psy-Įvidence of a strong genetic component, combined Bailey, Phillips, and Rutter (1996), in their review Than 50 times the population incidence (Bailey et al.,ġ995). Yield an estimated heritability of 90 % for the liability toĪutism, and sibling recurrence rate appears to be more Substantial genetic component in autism twin studies ![]() Instead there is overwhelming evidence for a Kanner’s later psychogenic interpretation has provedĮrroneous. The biological and familial nature of the disorder. Single-mindedness ’’ were immediately taken as signs of These characteristics of ‘‘ eccentricity ’’ and ‘‘ intellectual Upon the special characteristics of some of the parents,Įspecially fathers (Eisenberg, 1957), of the children to Introductionīoth Asperger (1944) and Kanner (1943) remarked Keywords : Asperger’s disorder, autistic disorder, behavioural phenotypes, cognition,Ībbreviations : EFT : Embedded Figures Test WRAT : Wide Range Achievement Test. ‘‘ cognitive style ’’ (weak central coherence) that can confer information-processing advan. These findings raise the possibility that the broader autism phenotype may include a Piecemeal processing across four tests of central coherence. Results indicated that fathers of boys with autism, as a group, showed Well due to an information-processing bias favouring part}detail processing over processing ![]() Were given tests of ‘‘ central coherence ’’, on which children with autism perform unusually Parents and brothers of boys with autism, boys with dyslexia, and normal boys The present study explored this phenotype in terms of one current cognitive theory Previous twin and family studies have indicated that there are strong genetic influences in theĮtiology of autism, and provide support for the notion of a broader phenotype in first-degree Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College, London Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London U. All rights reservedĠ021–9630}01 $15± 00 0 ± 00 Exploring the Cognitive Phenotype of Autism : Weak ‘‘ Central Coherence ’’ in Parents and Siblings of Children with Autism : I. ' 2001 Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry
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